Shock
Shock
Shock is defined as ‘the lack of oxygen to the tissues in the body’. It is caused by a fall in blood volume or pressure which means the organs and tissues do not receive adequate oxygen to be able to function properly.
Shock can be caused by:
- Major Blood Loss (internal or external)
- Heart problems
- Vessel Failure
All casualties should be carefully monitored for shock as it can become life threatening very quickly.
Signs & Symptoms
- Pale, sweaty skin, with grey/blue extremities (look inside the lips on a casualty with dark skin tone).
- Dizziness or feeling faint.
- Rapid, shallow breathing.
- Fast but weak pulse.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- There may be another injury such as internal bleeding that hasn’t been identified.
Treatment
- Treat the cause of the shock first, for example if there is bleeding treat the wound.
- Lay the casualty down and raise their legs (only if you think there are no broken bones).
- Call 999/112.
- Keep the casualty warm, cover with a blanket or coat.
- Loosen any tight clothing but remember to ask for consent if the person is conscious.
- Give nothing by mouth.
