Croup
Croup
Croup is common in young children and is caused by a viral infection which results in swelling of the upper airway leading to a distinctive ‘barking’ cough but also high-pitched wheezing sounds when breathing.
Tissues around the voice box and windpipe will swell and restrict the passage of air. As air is forced through the narrower tubes it creates a high-pitched noise during normal breathing and often a seal like ‘bark’ during coughing.
Most infections are mild and whilst unpleasant to hear clear up without medical assistance. However, as the upper airways are restricted, oxygen levels in the child can be reduced and medical assistance should be sought.
Signs & Symptoms
- Distressed, difficult breathing
- High pitched noise during breathing
- Loud, ‘barking’ distinctive cough
- Pale, clammy skin
Treatment
- Keep the child calm. Sit them up and offer fluids.
- If possible move the child to a warm, humid environment (such as a bathroom with the shower running hot to create steam in the room). The moist air will ease the coughing.
- Seek medical advice via NHS 111.
- Call 999/112 if any of the following symptoms occur:
- Lips turn blue
- The child becomes unresponsive
Do not put your fingers down their throat – it could make the swelling worse.
