Sepsis
Sepsis
Sepsis is a life-threatening reaction of the immune system to an infection that affects blood flow and tissues throughout the body.
The original infection can be anywhere in the body but once it gets into the blood it causes the immune system to have a massive reaction. The condition causes capillaries to leak fluid into tissues. This can cause dangerously low blood pressure which affects circulation and can lead to organ failure.
Furthermore, the body attempts to repair the leaks with blood clots which can become detached and cause blockages and more complications. The failure of the circulatory system can cause life threatening failure of the organs of the body.
Signs & Symptoms
Sepsis can be difficult to identify initially as symptoms are similar to many other situations a first aider may face. Symptoms are very similar to Meningitis, which can lead to Sepsis.
- High – or low – temperature
- Rapid pulse
- Fast or difficult breathing
- Confusion or slurred speech
- Nausea or vomiting
- Painful joints or cold limbs
- Pale or blotchy skin – possibly with blue tinges. For casualties with black or brown skin, check for blueness around lips, tongue, gums, under the nails and around the eyes
- Rash (often a later sign so do not wait for this)
Treatment
- Urgent medical attention is vital – dial 999 or 112. Take casualty to A&E yourself if that is likely to be quicker.
- Inform medical staff that you suspect sepsis.
